REVISE EDEXCEL GCSE (9-1)BiologyGUIDEHigherSeries Consultant:Harry SmithAuthors:Pauline Lowrie and Sue Kearseynote from the publisherIn order to ensure that this resource offers high-qualityis accurate,the official specification and associatedsupport for the associated Pearson qualification,it hasassessment guidance materials are the only authoritativebeen through a review process by the awarding body.source of information and should always be referred toThis process confirms that this resource fully coversfor definitive guidance.the teaching and learning content of the specificationor part of a specification at which it is aimed.It alsoPearson examiners have not contributed to any sectionsconfirms that it demonstrates an appropriate balancein this resource relevant to examination papers for whichbetween the development of subject skills,knowledgethey have responsibility.and understanding,in addition to preparation forExaminers will not use endorsed resources as a sourceassessment.of material for any assessment set by Pearson.Endorsement does not cover any quidance onEndorsement of a resource does not mean that theassessment activities or processes (e.g.practiceresource is required to achieve this Pearson qualification,questions or advice on how to answer assessmentnor does it mean that it is the only suitable materialquestions),included in the resource nor does itavailable to support the qualification,and any resourcePrescribe any particular approach to the teaching orlists produced by the awarding body shall include thisdelivery of a related course.and other appropriate resources.While the publishers have made every attempt to ensurethat advice on the qualification and its assessmentLook at this scale next toeach exam-style question.It tells you how difficult thequestion is.For the full range of Pearson revision titles across KS2,KS3,GCSE,Functional Skills,AS/A Level and BTEC visit:www.pearsonschools.co.uk/revisePearson1-to-1Contentswith theevision WorkbookCORE43 Genetic engineering88DiabetesPlant and animal cells44Tissue culture89The urinary systemDifferent kinds of cell45Stages in genetic90The role of ADHMicroscopes andengineering91Kidney treatmentsmagnification46Insect-resistant plants92Extended responseDealing with numbers47Meeting population needsControl and coordinationUsing a light microscope48Extended response93Exchanging materialsDrawing labelled diagramsGenetic modification94AlveoliEnzymes49Health and disease95Rate of diffusionpH and enzyme activity50Common infections96BloodThe importance of enzymes51How pathogens spread97Blood vessels10Using reagents in food598The hearttests53Human defences99Aerobic respiration1Using calorimetry54The immune system100 Anaerobic respirationGetting in and out of cells55Immunisation101Rate of respiration3Osmosis in potatoes56Treating infections102Changes in heart rateExtended response -Key57Aseptic techniques103Extended response-concepts58Investigating microbialExchangePAPER 1cultures104 Ecosystems and abioticMitosis59New medicinesfactorsCell growth andMonoclonal antibodies105 Biotic factorsdifferentiationNon-communicable diseases106 Parasitism and mutualismGrowth and percentile62Alcohol and smokingcharts63Malnutrition and obesity108Organisms and their18Stem cells64Cardiovascular diseaseenvironmentThe brain and spinal cord65Plant defences109Energy transfer between20Treating damage andPlant diseasestrophic levelsdisease in the nervous67Extended response-Health110Human effects onsystemand diseaseecosystems21NeuronesPAPER 2111Biodiversity22Responding to stimuli112 Food security23The eye69Limiting factors113 The carbon cycle24Eye problems70Light intensity114 The water cycle25Extended response -Cells71Specialised plant cells115 The nitrogen cycleand control72Transpiration116 Pollution indicators26Asexual and sexual73Translocation117 Decayreproduction74Leaf adaptations118 Extended response-27Meiosis75Water uptake in plantsEcosystems and material28DNA76Plant adaptationscycles9Protein synthesis77Plant hormones119 Answers30Gregor Mendel78Uses of plant hormones31Genetic terms79Extended response -Plant3Monohybrid inheritancestructures and functions3380HormonesA small bit of small print34Sex determination81Adrenalin and thyroxineEdexcel publishes Sample35Inherited characteristics82The menstrual cycleAssessment Material and the36Variation and mutation83Control of the menstrualSpecification on its website.37The Human Genome ProjectcycleThis is the official content and38Extended response84Assisted Reproductivethis book should be used inGeneticsTherapyconjunction with it.The questions39Evolution85Homeostasishave been written to help you.40Human evolution86Controlling bodypractice every topic in the41Classificationtemperaturebook.Remember:the real exam42Selective breeding87Blood glucose regulationquestions may not look like this.Had a lookNearly thereNailed it!CorePlant and animal cellsAnimals and plants are formed from cells.Animal cells and plant cells have some parts in common.These parts have particular functions in a cell.Cells like these,with a nucleus and membrane-boundorganelles such as mitochondria,are called eukaryotic cells.Generalised structuresGeneralisedCell membrane:controls what entersanimal celland leaves the cell,e.g.oxygen,Generalised plant cellcarbon dioxide,glucoseNucleus:a large structurecell wallthat contains genes that control theactivities of the cellCytoplasm:jelly-like substancethat fills the cell-many reactionstake place herecentralvacuoleMitochondria(single:mitochondrion):tiny structures where respiration takesplace,releasing energy for cellProcesseschloroplastsRibosomes (present in the cytoplasm but notvisible at this size):where proteins are made(protein synthesis)Worked examplemark is for namingName the three structures that are found in most plant cells butthe three structures andnot animal cells,and describe their functions.(4 marks)there is 1 mark for eachfunction.Chloroplasts are the structures where photosynthesis takesplace to make food for the plant cell.The cell wall is made of cellulose,and is tough so that it helpsWatch out!The cellsupport the cell and helps it keep its shape.membrane and cellThe large central vacuole contains cell sap,which helps to keepwall are different andthe plant cell rigid.separate structures.Now trythis1 Muscle cells contain more mitochondria than skin cells.Suggest why.(3 marks)2 Plants don't have skeletons.Explain how they stand upright.(2 marks)3 Explain why not all plant cells have chloroplasts.(2 marks)1