ENDORSED BYCAMBRIDGEInternational ExaminationsCambridgeRIGCSEand○LevelEconomicsPaul HoangMargaret DucieCOMPANIONHODDERCDEDUCATIONENDORSED BYCAMBRIDGEInternational ExaminationsCambridgeIGCSEand○LevelEconomicsPaul Hoang andMargaret DucieHODDEREDUCATIONAN HACHETTE UK COMPANYIGCSE is the registered trademark of Cambridge Interational ExaminationsThe questions,example answers,marks awarded and/or comments that appear in this book and CDwere written by the authors,and are not the responsibility of Cambridge International ExaminationsAlthough every effort has been made to ensure that website addresses are correct at time of going topress,Hodder Education cannot be held responsible for the content of any website mentioned in thisbook.It is sometimes possible to find a relocated web page by typing in the address of the home pagefor a website in the URL window of your browser.Hachette UK's policy is to use papers that are natural,renewable and recyclable products and madefrom wood grown in sustainable forests.The logging and manufacturing processes are expected toconform to the environmental regulations of the country of origin.Orders:please contact Bookpoint Ltd,130 Milton Park,Abingdon,Oxon OX14 4SB.Telephone:(44)01235 827720.Fax:(44)01235 400454.Lines are open 9.00-5.00,Monday to Saturday,with a24-hour message answering service.Visit our website at www.hoddereducation.com.Paul Hoang and Margaret Ducie 2013First published in 2013 byHodder EducationAn Hachette UK CompanyLondon NWI 3BHImpression number54321Year201520142013All rights reserved.Apart from any use permitted under UK copyright law,no part of this publicationmay be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means,electronic or mechanical,includingphotocopying and recording,or held within any information storage and retrieval system,withoutpermission in writing from the publisher or under licence from the Copyright Licensing AgencyLimited.Further details of such licences(for reprographic reproduction)may be obtained from theCopyright Licensing Agency Limited,Saffron House,6-10 Kirby Street,London ECIN 8TS.Cover photo Oleksandr Dibrova-FotoliaTypeset in ITC Galliard by Aptara,Inc.Printed in ItalyA catalogue record for this title is available from the British LibraryISBN:978-1-4441-9641-2