Cambridge AssessmentCollinsInternational EducationEndorsed for Paper 4Cambridge InternationalAS A Level Further MathematicsFurther Probability StatisticsSTUDENT'S BOOKXYimeng Gu,Dr Patrick WallaceSeries Editor:Dr Adam BoddisonCollinsCambridge InternationalAS A Level Further MathematicsFurther Probability StatisticsSTUDENT'S BOOKYimeng Gu,Dr Patrick WallaceSeries Editor:Dr Adam BoddisonWilliam Collins'dream of knowledge for all began with thepublication of his first book in 1819.A self-educated mill worker,he not only enriched millions of lives,but also founded a flourishing publishing house.Today,stayingtrue to this spirit,Collins books are packed with inspiration,innovation and practical expertise.They place you at the centreof a world of possibility and give you exactly what you need toexplore it.Collins.Freedom to teach.Published by CollinsAcknowledgementsThe News BuildingThe publishers wish to thank Cambridge Assessment1 London Bridge StreetInternational Education for permission to reproduceLondonquestions from past AS &A Level Mathematics andSE1 9GFFurther Mathematics papers.Cambridge AssessmentInternational Education bears no responsibility forthe example answers to questions taken from itsBrowse the complete Collins catalogue atwww.collins.co.ukpast papers.These have been written by the authors.Exam-style questions and sample answers have been10987654321written by the authors.978-0-00-834033-9The publishers wish to thank the following for permissionAll rights reserved.No part of this publication may beto reproduce photographs.Every effort has been made toreproduced,stored in a retrieval system,or transmitted in anytrace copyright holders and to obtain their permission forform by any means,electronic,mechanical,photocopying.the use of copyright material.The publishers will gladlyrecording or otherwise,without the prior written permission ofreceive any information enabling them to rectify any errorthe Publisher or a licence permitting restricted copying in theor omission at the first opportunity.United Kingdom issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd.,pvi Dragon Images/Shutterstock,p1 Dragon Images/Barnard's Inn,86 Fetter Lane,London,EC4A 1EN.Shutterstock,p42 ProStockStudio/Shutterstock,p84 luciano de polo stokkete/Alamy Stock Photo,British Library Cataloguing in Publication Datap121 Linnas/Shutterstock,p150 wavebreakmedia/A catalogue record for this publication is available from theShutterstock.British Library.Commissioning editor:Jennifer HallIn-house editor:Lara McMurrayAuthors:Yimeng Gu/Patrick WallaceSeries editor:Dr Adam BoddisonDevelopment editor:Tim MajorProject manager:Emily HootonCopyeditor:Tracy ThomasProofreaders:Gwynneth Drabble/Joan MillerAnswer checkers:Just Content/Marie TaylorCover designer:Gordon MacGilpCover illustrator:Maria Herbert-LiewTypesetter:Jouve India Private LtdProduction controller:Sarah BurkePrinted and bound by CPI Group (UK)Ltd,Croydon,CRO 4YYFull worked solutions for all exercises,exam-style questions and past paper questions in this book are available toteachers by emailing international.schools@harpercollins.co.uk and stating the book title.